Florida Estate Planning Lawyer Blog

In Florida a devise in favor of a beneficiary who predeceases the testator will fail unless there is clear intent or in certain relationships.

Under Florida Statute 732.603 a devise to a grandparent or a descendant of a grandparent of the testator does not lapse but would be distributed per stirpes UNLESS the testator gift is conditioned on the person surviving the testator or the testator provides for a substituted or alternative beneficiary.

A similar result is achieved when the decedent dies intestate (without a will). We often see complicated property distributions when a parent dies and one or more of their children predeceased the parent. In these cases, it is not uncommon to see the Florida homestead or other real property owned by representatives of multiple generations.

To find out more about your Contact a Jacksonville Florida Probate Attorney.

The Florida Constitution protects one's Homestead from creditors. One provision that is often misunderstood is a devise of a homestead in a will when there are minor children in the family. In some cases two people are getting married and one has a home and a minor child. The spouse may draft a will that states that the home goes to the future husband, but what happens if the spouse dies before the child reaches the age of 18?

Under the Florida Homestead Protections, the house does not pass as the will states, but the homestead goes to the minor child with a life estate going to the surviving spouse. Sometimes this appears to be an intentional mistake in a will to appease a future spouse but the clause does little to provide a fee simple ownership the the decedent's homestead.

If you are getting married or your spouse had a home prior to your marriage that is now your Homestead, be careful that any attempted devise of the home when there are minor children will create a default condition establishing a life estate for the surviving spouse and remainder for the children even if one is a minor.

To have your will reviewed for invalid clauses or to update a Florida will Contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer

Xpress Seal Pro from As-Seen-On-TV- Products is a product I purchased to seal the caulk in my bathroom. The caulk in my shower needed replacing and I decided to purchase this after reading many review about this easy to use Professional caulking kit. I saw it on a TV commercial on one of those As Seen On TV Product commercials and decided to give it a try.

I have tried to apply caulk in the past and it was a mess. I found the key to getting a good caulk line was using their caulk removal took to remove all of the previous caulk so that I was starting with a clean surface. Once I got this done, it was relatively easy to apply the silicone caulk and the use the took to make a nice looking caulk bead. It took a little practice before I got the technique down and I found that it was better when I make long consistent beads instead of little short lines. Some of the lines look as good a if a professional had done the work.

With the hurricanes that we have been having lately, it might be a good idea to re-seal windows or previous problem areas to preserve values. I normally do not talk about products on this website but since so many of my clients deal with maintaining property values for their families and loved ones I thought it appropriate. If you need to seal a leak you might try the Xpress Seal pro Caulking Kit as seen on TV.

The Florida Supreme court has ruled affirmatively on the question presented to it.

Whether, under Florida Statutes section 689.07(1) as it existed before
its 2004 amendment, this Deed––which is a recorded real estate
conveyance deed to a named trustee of a private express trust
identified in the deed by name and date, and contains other language
referring to the unrecorded trust agreement, the settlors, and the
beneficiaries––conveys only legal title to the property in trust to the
grantee as trustee.

In Raborn v. Menotte, 974 So. 2d 328 (Fla. 2008), the court held that a deed which identifies the grantor as the creator of and the grantee as trustee of a named trust shows sufficient “contrary intention” and grants legal title as trustee to the grantee.

This case was brought to my attention by an article by Gerry Beyer on the WIlls, Trust, & Estates professors Blog.

Where can I get a Form for Florida Lady Bird Deed is a question that I am often asked. Florida Lady Bird Deeds are generally not available on the Internet because not many Florida Lawyers even know what they are. They are also far more complex than a regular deed.

I have seen several cases where clients used Ladybird deed that were not acceptable to Title insurance companies and the families had to open probate cases to clear the title on the property after the death of the grantor.

Because of this when we created our deeds we went to many title companies to get their feedback and modified our deed and they way they are filed to be in compliance with the title companies requirements.

In addition the language that is used on the remainder interest is very important because it is possible that the person named might not survive the original owner. If the wrong language is used, the property will revert back to the original owners estate and could potentially be subject to the claims of the creditors and Medicaid liens. They are often used in Florida Medicaid Planning.

If you need a Ladybird deed in Florida, you should Contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer who is familiar with Ladybird deeds.

Invalid transfer of Florida Homestead with do it yourself deed leads to unintended consequences!

Man wants his second wife to have a life estate in his homestead after his death with the remainder to go to his children and not his second wife's children.

His mistake, he used a preprinted deed and filled it out wrong. The court found that he did validly convey a life estate to his wife, but did not convey the remainder of the property to his daughter because it must have been signed by both spouses.

The property went back to his heirs per stripes after his spouses death and not to his daughter as intended.

Florida's homestead provisions make it difficult to properly convey real property as you desire. There were valid ways of conveying the property correctly, but a preprinted form does not deal with non traditional families or non traditional conveyances.

Some other examples of Do it your self wills and bad news are covered in my articles listed below

Do it Yourself Wills? More bad news and
Do it Yourself Wills? a Good Idea or Not?
Do it yourself Estate Planning: Bad News Part 3
Do it yourself Estate Planning: Bad News Part 4
Do it yourself Estate Planning: Bad News Part 5
Do it yourself Estate Planning: Bad News Part 6
Do it yourself Estate Planning: Bad News Part 7
Do it yourself Estate Planning: Bad News Part 8

This is a common mistake found in Florida Probate cases, when people try to make their own wills, or transfer their assets without getting professional help from an attorney or accountant who is familiar with the effects of gifting and estate planning.

If you have used software, a form, or an online service to prepare your will, a deed, or other document, you Contacta Florida Estate planning Attorney or Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to review your documents for potential problems.

Chames v. Demavo, 32 Fla. L. Weekly S820 CR. Sup. Ct. December 20, 2007

An attorney owed fees from his clients under a retainer agreement attempted to enforce a lien against the homestead of the clients. The retainer agreement had expressly waived the parties’ constitutional homestead protection against claims of creditors.

Asking the Court to recede from prior Florida precedent in Carter and Sherbill, the appellant argued the 1995 constitutional amendment removing "head of family" changed the purpose of the creditor protection, that the trend in other states was to permit waivers, and permitting the waiver was consistent with other precedent allowing waivers.

The Court rejected the arguments of the waiver and concluded "the waiver of the homestead exemption will become an everyday part of contract language for everything from hiring of counsel to purchasing cellular telephone services ... [which will inevitably result in whittling away this century old constitutional exemption until it becomes little more than a distant memory."

A waiver of your homestead rights in a contract is still not valid in Florida (except with regards to pre and post nuptial agreements).

Phillips v. Hirshon, 963 So. 2d 227 (Fla. 2007).
The supreme court agreed to hear a case which will determine if Florida's revisions to the homestead laws allow for a cooperative apartment to be considered homestead property for descent purposes. We should have an answer on this question by the end of April.

If you own a property and are concerned about its status as a Florida Homestead please Contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to discuss your circumstances.

How can you tell if a Will has been altered?
Most of the time you cannot tell by simply looking at the document. Often these documents are "tampered with" behind the scenes: friends, relatives, heirs or neighbors pressure, threaten or trick someone into changing, modifying or preparing a new Last Will and Testament or Codicil (an amendment to the Will). It takes an experienced lawyer to discover the facts and circumstances behind the preparation and execution (signing) of a Will.

Can a child be cut out of a Will?
In Florida, an adult child can be cut out of a Florida Will . So long as the parent is competent. An adult child can be removed from a Last Will and Testament (or a Florida Revocable Trust) for any reason. If a child is not mentioned in a Florida Will , it may be a mistake and grounds may exist for a Will contest. A child that is born or adopted after the decedent makes a Florida Will , may be entitled to receive 50% of the decedent's estate under the Pretermitted Child statute. However, a minor child has special "homestead" rights which prohibit the decedent from gifting his home if he or she is survived by a minor child.

When is litigation the only option?
Often litigation is cause by a failure to communicate. You will find that if people communicate and treat each other fairly or as they would want others to treat them any disagreements can be resolved amicably and without the need for lawyers. Most Probate disputes, Will contests and Trust litigation end up settling before trial.

When does helping a relative become Undue Influence?
If you make a telephone call to a lawyer to help a relative or friend prepare a Trust or Last Will and Testament, there may be a presumption that you exercised undue influenced over that person, especially if you're a beneficiary of the estate. The lines between helping a person and coercing them often become blurred in a fight over estate assets. Seemingly harmless assistance to a mother or father can be twisted into deceitful or dishonest behavior. Sometimes seemingly harmless assistance is deceitful or dishonest behavior that will go unchallenged without the helped of a skilled attorney. If you are planning on assisting another with the preparation of estate planning documents, ask the attorney what steps can be taken to reduce the appearance of impropriety, influence or over reaching.

Can a Spouse be cut out of a Will or Trust?
No. Florida law requires that in the absence of valid pre/post marital agreement, the surviving spouse is entitled to an elective share (approximately 30% of the fair market value of the decedent's assets); exempt property (household furniture, certain automobiles and Florida College saving programs); family allowance ($18,000); and/or entitlement to an Intestate or Pretermitted share of the decedent's estate. The right of the surviving spouse to receive from the decedent's estate is neither obvious nor straight forward. Multiple overlapping laws come into play that if analyzed incorrectly could costs the surviving spouse a fortune.

Adding names to the ownership of your home normally does not change your $25,000 Homestead Exemption, BUT you may lose all or part of the protection your property receives from the Save Our Homes (SOH) assessment limitation or "cap". The SOH cap keeps the assessed value of your home from increasing more than 3% per year as long as you maintain your Homestead Exemption. A loss of protection from the SOH cap will increase the amount of property taxes you pay.

Maybe, depending on how you own the property (the "tenancy"), and if the new owner files for Homestead Exemption on your property. "Tenancy" is the term used to describe the way property is owned, the relationship between the owners, and what happens to the property when an owner dies. The most common forms of tenancy are: tenancy by the entireties, joint tenants with right of survivorship, and tenants in common. If two or more people own property with a homestead exemption, the type of tenancy that appears on the deed can have an effect on the "Save Our Homes" provision, and ultimately the amount of taxes that are owed.

If the new owner is your spouse, or someone who is legally or naturally dependent on you, he or she must apply for homestead exemption. Your current Save Our Homes cap will not be adjusted.

Joint Tenants with Right of Survivorship:

If the new owner is a joint tenant with right of survivorship, and he or she DOES NOT apply for Homestead Exemption, your SOH cap WILL NOT be adjusted.

If the new owner is a joint tenant with right of survivorship and DOES apply for Homestead Exemption, your SOH cap WILL be adjusted to market value and start anew the following year. In future years, the SOH Cap will protect 100% of the property.

One Important Note! If the new owner is living with you and intends to make the property his or her permanent residence, it may make more sense to apply for the new Homestead Exemption now rather than waiting until a later date. Your Homestead Exemption and SOH cap protects only you, and not the new owner. In the future if you no longer reside in this home, the new owner will have to apply at that time, and the property value and taxes will most certainly be much higher than they are now.

Tenants in Common

If the new owner is a tenant in common and DOES NOT apply for homestead exemption, your SOH cap WILL BE adjusted to protect only your proportionate or "percent" interest in the property. The "percent" interest of any owner who does not have homestead exemption will be assessed at market value each year.

If the new owner DOES apply for Homestead Exemption, your SOH cap WILL BE adjusted to market value and start anew the following year.

In Florida, if the wording of your current deed has consequences that you did not intend, you may want to consider a corrective deed. Please consult an Florida Estate Planning Lawyer , title company or other real estate professional to help you prepare your corrective deed. The Property Appraiser's office cannot advise you, since there are many serious considerations that go beyond how homestead exemption is calculated, including income and estate tax consequences. We recommend that you never attempt to change your deed without the help of a Florida Lawyer
.

Are there other ways of transferring my property for estate planning that will not disturb my Homestead Exemption or SOH Cap?

Two methods of transferring your property will, in most cases, keep your Homestead Exemption and SOH intact: reserve a Life Estate for yourself or transfer your property to your trust. Please consult your attorney or estate planning professional before attempting either option.

If you transfer your property to a trust, your attorney should know that three criteria are required in order for your Homestead Exemption and SOH cap to remain intact:

* You as the homestead owner must have beneficial or equitable title to real property. In other words you must be the trustee or beneficiary of the trust. If you are the beneficiary but not the trustee, your interest must be in REAL property, not PERSONAL property.
* You must have the present possessory interest in the property. Simply, you must have the right to live there.
* The deed that transfers the property into the trust must be recorded.

If you are transferring your property by deed and want to maintain your Homestead Exemption and SOH cap please Contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to verify that you are doing it correctly.

All Florida Enhanced Life Estate Deed or Florida LadyBird Deed are not created Equal.
In the past, I have had clients come to me for help when a title company would not accept the language on an Florida Enhanced Life Estate Deed or Florida LadyBird Deed. Each title company has specific language that they look for in the deed. As as result we have had several title companies review our deeds and make recommendations. We took these and complied them into a single form that satisfied all of their requirements.

If the title company is not happy with your current deed, they can refuse to write title insurance. As title insurance is required by every commercial lender in Florida when a home is sold, this can create a problem when you want to sell your home. In some cases, we have had to open or reopen a probate case to get the judge to issue an order to clear up the title concerns.

Often these deeds are used to avoid the delays and expenses of Florida Probate, not create ineligibility periods for medicaid, allow for stepped up basis, and not create unnecessary gift tax. If you would like to create an Florida Enhanced Life Estate Deed or Florida LadyBird Deed or have your deed reviewed please Contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer.

When considering getting married for the second time, or to someone with a prior family it is important to consider Estate Planning, Long-Term Care, the family home, Social Security, Alimony, Survivor's Annuities, and College Financial aid as an article on Forbes has reported.

Florida Estate Planning becomes very important when there are children from outside the current marriage. A spouse in Florida is entitled to a 30% share of all assets unless there is a prenuptial or post nuptial waiver.

in addition aFlorida Revocable Trust or prenuptial agreement might not keep a spouse from being responsible for long-term care and can have an effect on Florida Medicaid Planning and Eligibility

The Florida Supreme court has said that a spouse may wave their rights to a family home, but the constitutional rights of the Florida Homestead are very strong and should be considered.

Social Security needs to be considered an the benefits from former will be affected by remarrying before the age of 60. After age 60 you may be able to collect benefits from a new spouse if those benefits are higher.

Alimony and Survivor's Annuities will likely end if you remarry.

College Financial Aid might be affected if the income of the family changes.

For more information on Florida Estate Planning Contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer.

Normally a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer would advise against signing a deed conveying a home or other property without recording the deed.

What happens if a Florida deed or Florida Enhanced Life Estate Deed is signed but unrecorded?
Is the deed valid?
What risks are associated with unrecorded deeds?
Why would someone want to sign a deed but not record the deed in Florida?

A Florida Deed is not invalid just because it is not recorded. There is the potential for claims from other people if they record a deed before you record a deed. In Florida, when a deed is recorded there are taxes that must be paid on any outstanding mortgage. For every $1000 of mortgage a fee of $70 is charged. While this may not seem like much, if the loan is $100,000 the fee will be $700 and if the loan is $500,000 the fee is $3500. Often people want to transfer the ownership of their property but expect to pay off outstanding loans prior to their death. To save the fees, clients often ask about waiting to record the deed. We would generally advise against such actions as in Florida the first person to record a deed, who does not have notice of a prior deed, and who pays for the property will be considered the owner.

As people age, they may forget that they signed a prior deed, and sell the property to someone else. If that person records before you do, your claim or right to the property would be invalid. In addition, as people age, they are sometimes taken advantage of and do things against their will. Although there may be a claim for undue influence, these are very hard and expensive to prevail on.

Another potential problem could arise if your father's estate plan distributes the real estate to someone other than you. If your dad's will bequests the property to your sister and you go to record your deed, you might find yourself on the business end of a lawsuit involving the estate.

There is always a chance the rules relating to recording a deed change. The current sales disclosure form that must be filed with deeds needs to be signed by both parties.

Unrecorded deeds can be useful under certain limited conditions, such as death-bed planning. However, personally, I would generally be reluctant to advise using an unrecorded deed. When clients ask about them it is important to let them know the risks associated with them.

Each set of circumstances is unique and sometimes the use of an unrecorded deed in Florida is worth the risk. You should contact an Estate Planning Lawyer to review your needs and circumstances prior to executing an unrecorded deed.

Florida residents should start the New Year off right, here are ten important Florida estate planning and Florida probate and tips for