Probate

December 6, 2010

Florida Probate Code Requires Production of Wills

Gavel images.jpg Wills need to be deposited with the court within 10 days of death. Florida Statutes, Section 732.901. A Jacksonville custodian of a will must deposit the will with the appropriate clerk of court within 10 days after receiving information that the testator (person whose will it was) is dead. If the will has not been timely deposited, any interested person may upon petition and notice compel the production of the will, and receive attorney fees, costs and damages against the delinquent custodian.

A Florida judge recently entered an order requiring a custodian of a will to produce the will. The judge then entered an award of $2500.00 in attorney’s fees against the custodian who had failed to produce the will.

The 4th district court of Florida reversed the order, stating it was error by the circuit court to enter an order requiring production of a will and assessing attorney fees against the custodian of the will, without a hearing or proof that the petition to produce the will had actually been received by the custodian of the will. As the order was entered without due process the district court set it aside and remanded the case back to the circuit court.

November 9, 2010

First congressional face-off of new year could be over tax cuts

by David M. Goldman

The Bush tax cuts are set to expire on 12/31/2010. Many feel the the first face-off between Republicans and Democrats could be over the estate tax and income tax issues. If nothing is done we will see significantly higher estate taxes and income taxes in 2011.

To plan for these higher estate taxes and see hot to reduce the effects of a Florida Probate contact a Jacksonville Estate Planning Lawyer to discuss how planning can give your family advantages over the typical Florida Probate process.

November 8, 2010

Family Business threatened by Estate Tax

by David M. Goldman

The Napa Valley Register has a story of how a family vineyard was hurt by not planning properly for estate and death taxes. While this has not been a major concern this year with few states having death taxes and none at the federal level, this is about to change January 1st unless there is a legislative change. The federal estate taxes are set to resume January 1, 2011 with rates as high as 55% on estates in excess of 1 million dollars.

It is important to plan for estate taxes and have the liquidity necessary to pay them or your family business could be devastated and forced to liquidate to pay the IRS. To discuss how you can plan for the higher estate taxes contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to discuss your options.

October 28, 2010

Unlicensed Contractors Can’t Enforce Agreements

by David M. Goldman

The 3rd DCA recently ruled that a contractor who enters into a contract with a company to install a satellite system was not able to enforce the contract because the contractor was not a licensed electrical contractor and as such the contract was unenforceable Under Florida Statute 489.532.

In Florida, in order to engage in electrical contracting, a person must be certified or registered with the state. § 489.516(2), Fla. Stat. (2004). The statutes generally define an “electrical contractor” as any person “who has the experience, knowledge, and skill to install, repair, alter, add to, or design . . . electrical wiring, fixtures, appliances, apparatus, raceways, conduit, or any part thereof, which generates, transmits, transforms, or utilizes electrical energy in any form.” § 489.505(12), Fla. Stat. (2004). Additionally, section 489.532 states that, “As a matter of public policy, contracts entered into . . . by an unlicensed contractor shall be unenforceable in law or equity by the unlicensed contractor.”

Disclaimer: I found this case and thought it was interesting and may provide my clients and readers some benefit. Please do not call me about providing legal advice or to defend against your contractors suit as it is not an area that I practice in.

October 21, 2010

Forbes reports that 60% estate tax rate could be around the corner

by David M. Goldman

Ashlea Ebeling with Forbes is reporting that next years estate taxes could be as high as 60% for some. This title is misleading because the maximum estate tax will be 55%. She gets 60 percent by adding the max rate of 55% plus the 5% surcharge for assets between 10 million and 17.184 million dollars. This surcharge only makes the overall rate closer to 55% and the full 55% rate is not achieved until the estate is in excess of the $17.184.
So while there is a 60% estate tax, it is only a marginal tax rate and the rate is never higher than 55%.

Please do not think I am ok with a 55% tax rate, but I did want to clarify the issue. If your estate is greater than 1 Million dollars, you should consider meeting with a Jacksonville Estate Planning Lawyer to discuss ways you can increase your exemptions or hedge against the taxes that would be due upon your death.

September 12, 2010

Estate Planning Update: New Changes to Florida Homestead

by David M. Goldman

Starting October 1, 2010, if you die in Florida your spouse will be able to elect to take the traditional life estate in your homestead that is separate property or a 1/2 interest in the property. While this does not effect many Floridians, it does effect many who got married after purchasing their home or who have children from another marriage.

Traditionally the new spouse would receive a life estate ( the ability to live in the home for the rest of their life) and the children of the deceased parent who owned the home would receive the remainder of the property after the death of the surviving spouse or their step parent.

A Florida Estate Planning Lawyer can create documents that change or alter the homestead rights of a surviving spouse. Remember that it may not be your spouse making the decision, but the government or an agent acting under a power of attorney who make the decision and they may not agree with what you and your spouse decided upon years earlier. It is best to create a post nuptial agreement or valid waiver to address these issues while everyone agrees and before it is too late.

September 7, 2010

When can Notice to the Creditors Be sent

by David M. Goldman

Creditors only have 90 days to file claims in a Florida Probate once notice has been published. For this reason it may be beneficial to publish notice as soon as possible. Unfortunately, you can only publish notice once a Personal Representative has been appointed. If there is a dispute about who will be the PR in a Florida Probate case the ability to publish notice to the creditors will not happen until the Florida Court appoints a Personal Representative.

Creditors claims are barred 90 days after publication or 2 years after the death of the decedent. If you have a question about a Florida Probate case or want to speak with a Jacksonville Probate Lawyer contact us by phone or email.

September 2, 2010

Florida Constitution can protect two Florida Homes as Homestead

by David M. Goldman

The Homestead Exemption in Florida, which was established in the State’s Constitution, has always provided for the protection of the Family home free from creditors and liens. In 1985 the Constitution was amended to extend the protection to the “natural person” and not necessarily having to be the head of the household. The 4th district Court of Appeals ruled that a husband and wife who are separated for a period of time can BOTH claim the Florida Homestead Protection from creditors. This ruling does nothing to allow two homestead tax deductions. Law v. Law et al., 738 So. 2d 522.

The case involves a husband and wife who were separated for several years. They both claimed Homestead exemption for the Hollywood home that they owned jointly. But when his mother got sick, he and his wife decided to sell the home to pay for the medical bills. His ex-wife had a claim against him for support and brought action to seek recovery through the sell of the home. He filed for Homestead exemption. The court of appeals ruled that “we see nothing inconsistent with our public policy if we extend a homestead exemption to each of two people who are married, but legitimately live apart in separate residences, if they otherwise meet the requirements.” Court referencing Colwell v. Royal International Trading Corp., 226 B.R. 714 (Bank S.D. Fla. 1998) to show precedent on allowing dual homestead exemption. The court seemed to find it important to find that the separation was not contrived to defraud creditors.

If you would like to talk about how to create two homesteads and document them to avoid unnecessary litigation over the issue, contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer or if one or more of your home is in foreclosure contact a Jacksonville Foreclosure Defense Lawyer.

August 23, 2010

Pre-Validation of Wills and Trusts Before You Pass Away

by David M. Goldman

Over the past summer, Alaska has become one of a few states to allow pre-validation of a will. The state legislature also took the law a step farther and allowed trusts to be validated by the grantor before they pass away. In order to explain the new process it is essential to know how most states operate in the probate process. In Florida, if a beneficiary wishes to contest a will, the document must first be submitted to probate. The probate court will not allow probate proceedings to proceed unless the testator is deceased which eliminates the crucial witness of the document, the testator. For this reason, Florida subjects wills and trusts to a number of formalities in order to be deemed valid.

In their effort to reduce will challenges, the Alaska law allows the testator to accurately express their intentions before they die rather than allowing the process to occur afterward. The process first starts by notifying all interested parties and serving them with a copy of the will or trust. The parties then have a specific deadline for filing a challenge to the document, usually 3 to 4 months, before they permanently lose the chance to contest the will. If there is a challenge, the testator will be there to confirm the validity of the document. Since a court can verify duress, undue influence, and capacity while the testator is testifying, the judge can make a final ruling on the authenticity of the will or trust.

Although Florida has not adopted any law of this kind, Alaska allows non-residents to take advantage of their laws. However, a will must be probated in the decedent’s state of residence so it is doubtful a Florida court will give any significance to an pre-validated Alaska will. On the other hand, trusts are separate legal entities from their creator so pre-validating this document may prove critical in probate proceedings. A Florida Estate Planning Lawyer offer assistance to your estate plan and answer any further questions concerning wills and trust documents.

August 19, 2010

Lost Wills in Florida Require Live Witnesses

by David M. Goldman

A lost Florida Will is a will that was lost or destroyed without the decedent’s knowledge or consent and without his or her intent to revoke. The original Florida Will of a testator can be revoked in a number of ways but the individual must have the intent to revoke the will. When the original will of the decedent cannot be located after her death, it is presumed that the will was destroyed with the intent to revoke it. Overcoming this presumption in Florida requires the proponent of a lost will to carry the burden of introducing competent and substantial evidence.

In the recent case Brennan v. Estate of Brennan, the issue addressed by the 5th District Court of Appeals was whether affidavits alone are enough to prove a lost will or whether live witness testimony is required. Relying on a similar issue addressed by the Florida Supreme Court and the 3rd DCA, the 5th DCA determined that in order for a lost will to be admitted to probate Fla. Stat. § 733.207 requires testimony of one disinterested witness and a “correct copy” of the will, or testimony from two disinterested witnesses. Affidavits merely swearing the witnesses saw the decedent execute the lost will and that witness signed the will are insufficient to fulfill this requirement.

From this decision it is apparent that a draft of the will or some evidence be provided for admission to the probate court and depending on whether a “correct copy” of the will is offered, the testimony of one or two disinterested witnesses. Florida Probate issues are anything but simple so if you feel the need for assistance don’t hesitate to contact a Florida Probate lawyer or Florida Estate Planning Lawyer. If you are considering a Florida Will modification, it may be wise to do a full disclosure to all beneficiaries and those close to you because it will provide peace knowing your final wishes have been acknowledged.